Overview
Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) refers to changes to the vulva, vagina, and urethra caused by decreased estrogen levels. This can lead to urinary symptoms that affect quality of life.
Symptoms
- Urinary urgency and frequency
- Recurrent urinary tract infections
- Dysuria (painful urination)
- Vaginal dryness and irritation
Treatment
Hormone Therapy
Local vaginal estrogen therapy (creams, tablets, or rings) is highly effective in restoring tissue health.
Moisturizers
Non-hormonal vaginal moisturizers and lubricants can help alleviate dryness and discomfort.