Overview

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a procedure used to remove large kidney stones (typically larger than 2cm) that cannot be treated with other methods like shockwave lithotripsy or ureteroscopy.

The Procedure

A small incision is made in the back to create a tunnel directly into the kidney. A nephroscope is inserted to locate and break up the stones, which are then removed.

Indications

  • Large kidney stones (>2cm)
  • Staghorn calculi
  • Stones resistant to other treatments

Recovery

Hospital stay is usually 1-2 days. A nephrostomy tube may be left in place temporarily to drain the kidney. Full recovery typically takes a few weeks.